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Academic Year/course: 2017/18

437 - Degree in Rural and Agri-Food Engineering

28920 - Biotechnology


Syllabus Information

Academic Year:
2017/18
Subject:
28920 - Biotechnology
Faculty / School:
201 - Escuela Politécnica Superior
Degree:
437 - Degree in Rural and Agri-Food Engineering
ECTS:
6.0
Year:
3
Semester:
First semester
Subject Type:
Compulsory
Module:
---

5.1. Methodological overview

The learning program designed for this course is based in studying the fundamental topics and basic tools which are needed to know, and know to use, the main biotechnologies that are nowdays applied in agronomy. To reach this, we have combined the conceptual expositions in theoretical classes and a set of practical experiences that will allow a better understanding of these techniques and also  will show its applicability.

5.2. Learning tasks

Participative theoretical classes, 30 presential hours. The program of the course encompasses 15 themes, which will be presented in 2 h sessions. These themes are grouped in three clearly differentiated main blocks: first block deals with basic knowledge about molecular genetics and nucleic acids- based technics, which will be related to its main applications in agronomy. Second block of themes cover fundamentals of plant biotechnology and the third one topic is biotechnology for animal production.

Practical clases in laboratory/computers’room, 30 presential hours distributed in 15 sessions of 2 h. In each class, students will perform a practical experience related to the theoretical program of the course. The practical work will consist in laboratory experiments (28 h) and computer based technics (2 h).

Study for the written exam: professors will provide lecture notes and power-point slides with the information presented in the theoretical classes. They also will provide a list of references to support the autonomous work of the student (87 h).

To a better development of the learning process, profesors will encourage students to use the individual tutorial sessions

Written and practical exams: 3 hours.

5.3. Syllabus

Theoretical contents

 

Block I

Foundations and techniques

Unit 1

Introduction and overall context

 

Concept and evolution of biotechnology
White biotechnology
Red biotechnology
Green biotechnology
Biotechnology as a business – patents

Unit 2

Foundations of biotechnological progress – biochemistry and molecular biology

 

Biotechnological molecules

Proteins

Production and industrial applications of enzymes

Nucleic acids

Molecular genetics

Unit 3

Tools and techniques of molecular genetics (I)
 

Isolation and purification of nucleic acids

The first tools: endonucleases

Genetic transformation

Cloned DNA and recombinant DNA

Vectors for storing DNA – gene library

In-vitro replication – chain reaction of polymerase

Unit 4

Tools and techniques of molecular genetics (II)

 

Electrophoresis of DNA

Real time PCR, quantitative PCR

DNA sequencing

Purification and electrophoresis of proteins

Protein sequencing

Unit 5

Genomic tools

 

Genome projects

Genes and genomes

Bioinformatics.

Next generation sequencing. Resequencing genomes

Unit 6

Molecular diagnostic tools

 

ELISA enzyme-linked inmunosorbent assay

Detection of DNA sequences – dot blot, southern blot and FISH

Detection of RNA sequences - northern blot

Complementary DNA

 

Block II

Plant biotechnology

Unit 7

In-vitro culture of plant tissues and organs
 

Introduction – concept and conditioning factors

Foundations – cell potency and development

Phytohormones

Somatic embryogenesis

Physiological bases of in-vitro embryogenesis

Organogenesis of stems

Physiological bases of in-vitro organogenesis

Unit 8

Applications of plant micropogation
 

Multiplication of plants

Plant propagation on an industrial scale

In-vitro production of plant metabolites

In-vitro conservation - cryopreservation

Applications in genetic improvement

Unit 9

Genetic engineering of plants
 

What is a transgenic plant?

Genetic constructs for transforming plants

Methods of plant transformation

Confirmation of the transformation

Applications of transgenic plants


 

Block III

Animal biotechnology

Unit 10

Biotechnology of animal reproduction I – detection and synchronization of estrus
 

Estrus detection techniques

Estrus induction and synchronization techniques

Unit 11

 

Biotechnology of animal reproduction II – artificial insemination
 

Semen assembly methods

Semen quality assessment

Semen storage and preservation

Insemination techniques

Conditioning factors of the successful reproduction after insemination

Unit 12

Biotechnology of animal reproduction III – embryonic technologies
 

MOET programs

In-vitro production of embryos

Unit 13

Applications of biotechnology in animal genetic improvement – animal genetic engineering
 

Imbalance of linkage and selection

Gene and marker assisted selection

Genomic selection

Genome manipulation in animal genetic improvement

Transgenesis as a tool in animal production

Unit 14

Biotechnological applications in animal feed
 

Production and use of additives (enzymes, bacteria, yeasts, etc.) for animal feed

Production and use of synthetic amino-acids

Unit 15

Biotechnological applications in animal diagnosis and health
 

Hormonal diagnosis

Diagnosis of diseases

Vaccine production

 


Content of practical sessions

 

1

Protocol in the laboratory of plant biotechnology
 

Tools and equipment – security and hygiene – protocols –preparation of basic solutions of molecular biology

2

Bacteria production
 

Preparing LB medium – cultivation methods

3

Isolation of tomato DNA (plasmid preparation).
 

Isolation of DNA with tomato leaves through basic CTAB protocol

4

Amplification of DNA through PCR
 

Design and performing of the amplification reaction for a specific locus

5

Electrophoresis of DNA
 

Agarose gel electrophoresis of the isolated DNA samples of practical session 3 and the reactions of practical session 4

6

Bioinformatics in plant genetics
 

Management of databases – search of microsatellite motifs with MEGA in the rice genome – design of primers with Primer3

7

In-vitro plant production – organogenesis in tomato
 

Preparation of culture media with different phytoregulator balances – cotyledon production – analysis of results

8

In-vitro plant production – micropropagation of potato
 

Potato stalk disinfection and apex cultivation in plates with different phytoregulator balances

9

Protocol in the laboratory of animal biotechnology
 

Tools and equipment – security and hygiene – protocols –preparation of basic solutions

10

Spermiogram (1) – classic assessment
 

Laboratory assessment of semen quality using classic assessment techniques

11

Spermiogram (2) – new semen analysis techniques
 

Laboratory assessment of semen quality using new assessment techniques

12

Oocyte extraction and in-vitro embryo production
 

Oocyte extraction from abattoir ovaries, classification and maturing simulation, in-vitro fertilization and production

13

Sex determination
 

Sperm sexing and sex determination in sperms and embryos

14

Gamete and embryo preservation
 

Design of means, preservation in refrigeration, slow freezing and vitrification

15

Application of ELISA technique in animal production and health
 

Application of ELISA technique in the diagnose of diseases and hormonal levels

5.4. Course planning and calendar

Calendary of presential classes

Week

Theory Class

(2 h)

Practical class

(2 h)

Student's work

Total

1

Theme 1

Practice 1

 

4

2

Theme 2

Practice 2

Study (3 h)

7

3

Theme 3

Practice 3

Study (4 h)

8

4

Theme 4

Practice 4

Study (4 h)

8

5

Theme 5

Practice 5

Study (4 h)

8

6

Theme 6

Practice 6

Study (4 h)

8

7

Theme 7

Practice 7

Study (4 h)

8

8

Theme 8

Writen partial exam (2h)

Practice 8

Study (2 h)

8

9

Theme 9

Practice 9

Study (4 h)

8

10

Theme 10

Practice10

Study (4 h)

8

11

Theme 11

Practice 11

Study (4 h)

8

12

Theme 12

Practice 12

Study (4 h)

8

13

Theme 13

Practice 13

Study(4 h)

8

14

Theme 14

Practice 14

Study (4 h)

8

15

 -

 

Study (8 h)

8

16

-

-

Study (8 h)

8

17

-

-

Study (8 h)

8

18

Theme 15

Practice 15

Study (4 h)

8

19

 -

 

Study (8 h)

8

20

Theory Exam (2h)

Practical Exam (1h)

 

3

Horas total

34

31

85

150

 

 

 

5.5. Bibliography and recommended resources

BB Abecia Martínez, Alfonso. Manejo reproductivo en ganado ovino / Alfonso Abecia Martínez, Fernando Forcada Miranda . Zaragoza : Servet, [2010]
BB Chawla, H. S.. Introduction to plant biotechnology / H. S. Chawla . 3rd. ed. Enfield (NH) [etc.] : Science Publishers, cop. 2009
BB Fundamentos de las técnicas de biología molecular / Denis Tagu, Christian Moussard, editores ; traducción realizada por Josep M. Casacuberta . Zaragoza : Acribia, 2006
BB Luque Cabrera, José. Texto ilustrado de biología molecular e ingeniería genética : conceptos, técnicas y aplicaciones en Ciencias de la Salud / José Luque Cabrera, Ángel Herráez Sánchez . Barcelona [etc.] : Elsevier , D.L. 2008
BB Reprology : Controlar la reproducción es controlar el futuro[Archivo de ordenador] / M. Ennuyer... [et al.] . Libourne : CEVA Sanité Animale, 2001
BC Benítez Burraco, Antonio. Avances recientes en biotecnología vegetal e ingeniería genética de plantas / Antonio Benítez Burraco . Barcelona [etc.] : Reverté, D. L. 2005
BC Ingeniería genética, laboratorio virtual de identificación de transgénicos. CD-Rom. UNED, 2010
BC Klug, William S.. Conceptos de genética / William S. Klug, Michael R. Cummings, Charlotte A. Spencer ; traducción y revisión técnica, José Luis Ménsua, David Bueno i Torrens . 8ª ed. Madrid [ etc.] : Pearson, D.L. 2006
BC Kreuzer, Helen. ADN recombinante y biotecnología : guía para estudiantes / Helen Kreuzer, Adrianne Massey ; [traducción a cargo de María Isabel Mora y María Jesús Arrizubieta Balardi] . Zaragoza : Acribia, 2004
BC McKee, Trudy. Bioquímica : la base molecular de la vida / Trudy McKee, James R. McKee; [traducción : José Manuel González de Buitrago] . 1ª ed. en español, traducción de la 3ª ed. en inglés Madrid [etc.] : McGraw-Hill Interamericana, 2003
BC Razdan, M.K.. Introduction to plant tissue culture / M.K. Razdan . 2nd ed. Enfield : Science Publishers, cop. 2003
BC Smith, John E.. Biotecnología / John E. Smith ; traducción a cargo de Fernando Escrivá Pons... [et al.] . [1a. ed.] Zaragoza : Acribia, D.L. 2006
 
LISTADO DE URLs:
 
  DNA from the Beginning is organized around key concepts 
[http://www.dnaftb.org/]
  Dna Learning Center - Biology Animation Library 
[http://www.dnalc.org/resources/animations/]
  Oracle Foundation, Thinkquest Library 
[http://www.searchremagnified.com/?dn=thikquest.org&pid=9PO6B1W9X]
  Organización Mundial de Salud Animal, OIE 
[http://www.oie.int/es/normas-internacionales/manual-terrestre/acceso-en-linea]
  Plant Molecular Biotechnology 
[http://www.molecular-plant-biotechnology.info/]
  RAVEN PH, et al.: Biology, 7th ed. 
[http://highered.mcgrawhill.com/sites/dl/free/0072437316/120060/ravenanimation.html]
  Transgenic animals, European Iniciative for Biotechnology Education, 1998 
[http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/T/TransgenicAnimals.html]

 

The updated recommended bibliography can be consulted in: http://psfunizar7.unizar.es/br13/egAsignaturas.php?id=8081